Jamie
Are you banging your head against the wall because of the ErrorDomain=NSCocoaErrorDomain&ErrorMessage=ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ&ErrorCode=4 error? You’re not alone. This frustrating macOS error strikes when you least expect it, bringing app functionality to a halt.
Let’s cut through the confusion. The Thai text “ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ” translates to “specified shortcut not found” – a clue that immediately points us toward the root problem. Whether you’re developing apps or just trying to use your Mac, I’ll walk you through exactly what this error means, why it happens, and, most importantly, how to squash it for good with proven code-based solutions.
Understanding the ErrorDomain=NSCocoaErrorDomain&ErrorMessage=ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ&ErrorCode=4
This error breaks down into three distinct components, each telling part of the story:
- ErrorDomain=NSCocoaErrorDomain: Indicates the error originates within Apple’s Cocoa framework – the foundation layer for macOS application development.
- ErrorMessage=ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ: The Thai text translates to “specified shortcut not found,” revealing that the system couldn’t locate a required shortcut file or resource.
- ErrorCode=4: In NSCocoaErrorDomain, code 4 maps to NSFileNoSuchFileError, confirming that a required file or resource couldn’t be found at the expected location.
Here’s how this error typically appears in console output:
Error Domain=NSCocoaErrorDomain Code=4 “ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ” UserInfo={NSFilePath=/Users/username/Library/Shortcuts/MissingShortcut.shortcut, NSUnderlyingError=0x600003d9c4b0 {Error Domain=NSPOSIXErrorDomain Code=2 “No such file or directory”}}
Common Causes of the ErrorDomain=NSCocoaErrorDomain&ErrorMessage=ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ&ErrorCode=4
1. Missing or Deleted Shortcut Files
The most direct cause is exactly what the error states – a shortcut file that once existed is now gone. This typically happens when:
swift
// Bad practice: Hard-coding shortcut paths without verification
func openShortcut() {
let shortcutURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: “/Users/username/Library/Shortcuts/ImportantShortcut.shortcut”)
NSWorkspace.shared.open(shortcutURL) // Will crash if file doesn’t exist
}
Solution:
swift
// Good practice: Check if file exists before attempting to open
func openShortcutSafely() {
let shortcutURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: “/Users/username/Library/Shortcuts/ImportantShortcut.shortcut”)
let fileManager = FileManager.default
if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: shortcutURL.path) {
NSWorkspace.shared.open(shortcutURL)
} else {
// Handle missing file gracefully
print(“Shortcut file not found. Prompting user to recreate or locate it.”)
// Show alert or recovery UI
}
}
2. Permission Issues with Shortcut Files
Your app might lack the necessary permissions to access the shortcut file:
swift
// Problematic code: Not handling permission errors
func readShortcutData() throws -> Data {
let shortcutURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: “/Users/username/Library/Shortcuts/RestrictedShortcut.shortcut”)
return try Data(contentsOf: shortcutURL) // Will throw if permissions are insufficient
}
Solution:
swift
// Better approach: Handle permission issues gracefully
func readShortcutDataWithPermissionHandling() -> Data? {
let shortcutURL = URL(fileURLWithPath: “/Users/username/Library/Shortcuts/RestrictedShortcut.shortcut”)
do {
return try Data(contentsOf: shortcutURL)
} catch let error as NSError {
if error.domain == NSCocoaErrorDomain && error.code == 4 {
// Request file access permission
let openPanel = NSOpenPanel()
openPanel.message = “Please grant access to the shortcut file”
openPanel.directoryURL = shortcutURL.deletingLastPathComponent()
openPanel.allowedFileTypes = [“shortcut”]
if openPanel.runModal() == .OK, let selectedURL = openPanel.url {
do {
return try Data(contentsOf: selectedURL)
} catch {
print(“Still couldn’t access file: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
return nil
}
}
}
print(“Error accessing shortcut: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
return nil
}
}
3. Shortcut Path Breaking Due to System Changes
System updates or changes can sometimes modify expected file paths:
swift
// Problematic: Using hardcoded paths that may change after updates
let shortcutPath = “/System/Library/Shortcuts/SystemShortcut.shortcut”
Solution:
swift
// Better: Use system APIs to locate resources
func getSystemShortcutPath() -> URL? {
// Using FileManager to search in standard locations
let fileManager = FileManager.default
let possibleLocations = [
fileManager.urls(for: .applicationScriptsDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first,
fileManager.urls(for: .libraryDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first?.appendingPathComponent(“Shortcuts”),
// Additional fallback locations
]
for baseURL in possibleLocations.compactMap({ $0 }) {
let shortcutURL = baseURL.appendingPathComponent(“SystemShortcut.shortcut”)
if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: shortcutURL.path) {
return shortcutURL
}
}
return nil
}
4. iCloud Sync Issues with Shortcuts
When shortcuts are synced via iCloud, synchronization failures can trigger this error:
swift
// Problematic: Not accounting for iCloud sync delays/failures
func useICloudShortcut() {
let iCloudContainer = FileManager.default.url(forUbiquityContainerIdentifier: nil)
let shortcutURL = iCloudContainer?.appendingPathComponent(“Documents/Shortcuts/CloudShortcut.shortcut”)
if let url = shortcutURL {
// Immediate use without checking sync status
openShortcut(at: url) // May fail if not yet downloaded
}
}
Solution:
swift
// Better: Check for download status and handle sync issues
func useICloudShortcutSafely() {
let fileManager = FileManager.default
guard let iCloudContainer = fileManager.url(forUbiquityContainerIdentifier: nil) else {
print(“iCloud not available”)
return
}
let shortcutURL = iCloudContainer.appendingPathComponent(“Documents/Shortcuts/CloudShortcut.shortcut”)
// Check if file exists locally or needs downloading
if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: shortcutURL.path) {
// Start download if needed
do {
try fileManager.startDownloadingUbiquitousItem(at: shortcutURL)
// Monitor download progress
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(forName: NSNotification.Name.NSMetadataQueryDidFinishGathering,
object: nil,
queue: .main) { _ in
// Check again after download attempt
if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: shortcutURL.path) {
self.openShortcut(at: shortcutURL)
} else {
print(“Download failed or file not available in iCloud”)
}
}
} catch {
print(“Could not initiate download: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
} else {
// File exists locally, safe to use
openShortcut(at: shortcutURL)
}
}
Diagnosis Steps for ErrorDomain=NSCocoaErrorDomain&ErrorMessage=ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ&ErrorCode=4
Follow these steps to diagnose the exact cause systematically:
- Extract the full error information:
swift
// Error logging utility to capture full details
func logDetailedError(_ error: Error) {
let nsError = error as NSError
print(“Domain: \(nsError.domain)”)
print(“Code: \(nsError.code)”)
print(“Description: \(nsError.localizedDescription)”)
print(“Failure Reason: \(String(describing: nsError.localizedFailureReason))”)
print(“Recovery Suggestion: \(String(describing: nsError.localizedRecoverySuggestion))”)
print(“User Info: \(nsError.userInfo)”)
if let underlyingError = nsError.userInfo[NSUnderlyingErrorKey] as? NSError {
print(“Underlying Error:”)
print(” Domain: \(underlyingError.domain)”)
print(” Code: \(underlyingError.code)”)
print(” Description: \(underlyingError.localizedDescription)”)
}
if let filePath = nsError.userInfo[NSFilePathErrorKey] as? String {
print(“File Path: \(filePath)”)
// Check if file exists
let exists = FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: filePath)
print(“File exists: \(exists)”)
// If it exists, check permissions
if exists {
do {
let attributes = try FileManager.default.attributesOfItem(atPath: filePath)
print(“File attributes: \(attributes)”)
} catch {
print(“Could not read file attributes: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
}
}
}
- Create a diagnostic test to verify shortcut accessibility:
swift
func diagnoseShortcutAccess(at path: String) {
let fileManager = FileManager.default
// 1. Check basic existence
if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: path) {
print(“🔴 File does not exist at path: \(path)”)
// 2. Check parent directory
let directoryPath = (path as NSString).deletingLastPathComponent
if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: directoryPath) {
print(“🔴 Parent directory does not exist: \(directoryPath)”)
} else {
print(“✅ Parent directory exists”)
// 3. List contents of parent directory
do {
let contents = try fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: directoryPath)
print(“📁 Directory contents:”)
contents.forEach { print(” – \($0)”) }
// 4. Check for similar filenames (case issues, etc.)
let filename = (path as NSString).lastPathComponent
let similarFiles = contents.filter { $0.lowercased().contains(filename.lowercased()) }
if !similarFiles.isEmpty && !similarFiles.contains(filename) {
print(“🔍 Found similar files that might be what you’re looking for:”)
similarFiles.forEach { print(” – \($0)”) }
}
} catch {
print(“🔴 Could not read directory contents: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
}
return
}
print(“✅ File exists at path”)
// 5. Check permissions
do {
let attributes = try fileManager.attributesOfItem(atPath: path)
if let permissions = attributes[.posixPermissions] as? NSNumber {
print(“📝 File permissions: \(String(format:”%o”, permissions.intValue))”)
// Check if readable
if (permissions.intValue & 0o400) == 0 {
print(“🔴 File is not readable by owner”)
} else {
print(“✅ File is readable by owner”)
}
}
if let owner = attributes[.ownerAccountName] as? String {
print(“👤 File owner: \(owner)”)
}
} catch {
print(“🔴 Could not read file attributes: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
// 6. Try to read the file
do {
let data = try Data(contentsOf: URL(fileURLWithPath: path))
print(“✅ Successfully read \(data.count) bytes from file”)
} catch {
print(“🔴 Could not read file contents: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
// 7. Check for file locks
let url = URL(fileURLWithPath: path)
do {
let resourceValues = try url.resourceValues(forKeys: [.isUbiquitousItemKey, .ubiquitousItemIsDownloadingKey])
if let isInCloud = resourceValues.isUbiquitousItem, isInCloud {
print(“☁️ File is in iCloud”)
if let isDownloading = resourceValues.ubiquitousItemIsDownloading, isDownloading {
print(“⬇️ File is currently downloading from iCloud”)
}
}
} catch {
print(“ℹ️ Could not check cloud status: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
}
- Check for localization issues (since the error includes Thai text):
swift
func checkLocalizationSetup() {
print(“Current locale: \(Locale.current.identifier)”)
print(“Preferred languages: \(Locale.preferredLanguages)”)
// Check if the app bundle has proper localizations
let availableLocalizations = Bundle.main.localizations
print(“Available localizations in bundle: \(availableLocalizations)”)
// Check if Thai localization is available
if availableLocalizations.contains(“th”) {
print(“✅ Thai localization is available”)
} else {
print(“⚠️ Thai localization is missing – this could cause unexpected error messages”)
}
}
Prevention & Solution Comparison
| Prevention Technique | Recovery Strategy |
| Always check file existence before access | Implement fallback to default shortcuts |
| Use FileManager’s URL-based APIs instead of direct paths | Provide UI to recreate or locate missing shortcuts |
| Implement robust error handling for file operations | Add self-healing code that can rebuild shortcuts |
| Store shortcuts in standard, predictable locations | Include source data to regenerate shortcuts on demand |
| Use file coordination for iCloud-synced shortcuts | Implement graceful degradation when shortcuts are unavailable |
Complete Implementation: Error-Proof Shortcut Handler
Here’s a comprehensive implementation of a robust class to handle shortcuts while preventing the ErrorDomain=NSCocoaErrorDomain&ErrorMessage=ไม่พบคำสั่งลัดที่ระบุเฉพาะ&ErrorCode=4 error:
swift
import Foundation
import AppKit
class ShortcutManager {
// MARK: – Error Definitions
enum ShortcutError: Error {
case shortcutNotFound(path: String)
case permissionDenied(path: String)
case cloudSyncIssue(path: String)
case corruptedShortcut(path: String)
var localizedDescription: String {
switch self {
case .shortcutNotFound(let path):
return “Shortcut not found at: \(path)”
case .permissionDenied(let path):
return “Permission denied for shortcut at: \(path)”
case .cloudSyncIssue(let path):
return “iCloud sync issue with shortcut at: \(path)”
case .corruptedShortcut(let path):
return “Shortcut appears to be corrupted at: \(path)”
}
}
}
// MARK: – Properties
private let fileManager = FileManager.default
private let shortcutsDirectory: URL
private var cloudShortcutsDirectory: URL?
// MARK: – Initialization
init() throws {
// Set up local shortcuts directory
shortcutsDirectory = try fileManager.url(
for: .applicationSupportDirectory,
in: .userDomainMask,
appropriateFor: nil,
create: true
).appendingPathComponent(“Shortcuts”, isDirectory: true)
// Create shortcuts directory if it doesn’t exist
if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: shortcutsDirectory.path) {
try fileManager.createDirectory(
at: shortcutsDirectory,
withIntermediateDirectories: true,
attributes: nil
)
}
// Try to set up iCloud shortcuts directory
cloudShortcutsDirectory = fileManager.url(forUbiquityContainerIdentifier: nil)?
.appendingPathComponent(“Documents/Shortcuts”, isDirectory: true)
if let cloudDir = cloudShortcutsDirectory, !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: cloudDir.path) {
do {
try fileManager.createDirectory(
at: cloudDir,
withIntermediateDirectories: true,
attributes: nil
)
} catch {
print(“Warning: Could not create iCloud shortcuts directory: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
// Not a fatal error, we’ll fall back to local storage
}
}
}
// MARK: – Core Methods
/// Gets a shortcut file, handling all potential error cases
/// – Parameter name: Name of the shortcut
/// – Returns: URL to the shortcut file if available
/// – Throws: ShortcutError if the shortcut cannot be accessed
func getShortcut(named name: String) throws -> URL {
// Ensure .shortcut extension is present
let filename = name.hasSuffix(“.shortcut”) ? name : “\(name).shortcut”
// Try multiple locations in order of preference
let possibleLocations: [URL?] = [
// 1. Local app-specific shortcuts directory
shortcutsDirectory.appendingPathComponent(filename),
// 2. User’s Library/Shortcuts directory (macOS standard)
fileManager.urls(for: .libraryDirectory, in: .userDomainMask).first?
.appendingPathComponent(“Shortcuts”).appendingPathComponent(filename),
// 3. iCloud shortcuts directory (if available)
cloudShortcutsDirectory?.appendingPathComponent(filename)
]
// Try each location
for case let possibleURL? in possibleLocations {
if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: possibleURL.path) {
// Found the file, now check accessibility
do {
// Try reading to confirm we have access
let _ = try Data(contentsOf: possibleURL, options: .alwaysMapped)
return possibleURL
} catch let error as NSError {
// Handle specific errors
if error.domain == NSCocoaErrorDomain {
switch error.code {
case 4: // NSFileNoSuchFileError (might be race condition)
continue
case 257: // NSFileReadNoPermissionError
throw ShortcutError.permissionDenied(path: possibleURL.path)
default:
// Try next location
continue
}
} else if error.domain == NSUbiquitousFileErrorDomain {
// iCloud-specific error
// Start download if it’s not downloaded yet
try fileManager.startDownloadingUbiquitousItem(at: possibleURL)
// Throw specific error so caller can handle appropriately
throw ShortcutError.cloudSyncIssue(path: possibleURL.path)
}
}
}
}
// If we get here, the shortcut was not found
throw ShortcutError.shortcutNotFound(path: filename)
}
/// Creates a new shortcut at the default location
/// – Parameters:
/// – name: Name of the shortcut
/// – data: Shortcut data
/// – useCloud: Whether to store in iCloud (if available)
/// – Returns: URL to the created shortcut
func createShortcut(named name: String, data: Data, useCloud: Bool = false) throws -> URL {
// Determine target directory
let targetDir: URL
if useCloud, let cloudDir = cloudShortcutsDirectory {
targetDir = cloudDir
} else {
targetDir = shortcutsDirectory
}
// Ensure directory exists
if !fileManager.fileExists(atPath: targetDir.path) {
try fileManager.createDirectory(at: targetDir, withIntermediateDirectories: true)
}
// Create the shortcut file
let filename = name.hasSuffix(“.shortcut”) ? name : “\(name).shortcut”
let shortcutURL = targetDir.appendingPathComponent(filename)
// Use file coordinator to safely write (especially important for iCloud)
let coordinator = NSFileCoordinator(filePresenter: nil)
var coordinatorError: NSError?
var writeError: Error?
coordinator.coordinate(writingItemAt: shortcutURL, options: .forReplacing, error: &coordinatorError) { url in
do {
try data.write(to: url, options: .atomic)
} catch {
writeError = error
}
}
if let error = coordinatorError ?? writeError {
throw error
}
return shortcutURL
}
/// Execute a shortcut safely
/// – Parameter name: Name of the shortcut to run
/// – Returns: Bool indicating success
func executeShortcut(named name: String) -> Bool {
do {
let shortcutURL = try getShortcut(named: name)
// Use NSWorkspace to open the shortcut
return NSWorkspace.shared.open(shortcutURL)
} catch ShortcutError.shortcutNotFound(let path) {
print(“Error: Shortcut not found at \(path)”)
// Check for similar shortcuts that might exist
tryFindingSimilarShortcuts(similar: name)
return false
} catch ShortcutError.cloudSyncIssue {
print(“Error: Shortcut is still downloading from iCloud”)
// Inform the user or retry after a delay
DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 2) {
// Try again after delay
_ = self.executeShortcut(named: name)
}
return false
} catch {
print(“Error executing shortcut: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
return false
}
}
// MARK: – Helper Methods
private func tryFindingSimilarShortcuts(similar name: String) {
let searchName = name.lowercased().replacingOccurrences(of: “.shortcut”, with: “”)
// Search in local directory
if let contents = try? fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: shortcutsDirectory.path) {
let similarShortcuts = contents.filter {
$0.lowercased().contains(searchName) && $0.hasSuffix(“.shortcut”)
}
if !similarShortcuts.isEmpty {
print(“Found similar shortcuts:”)
similarShortcuts.forEach { print(“- \($0)”) }
}
}
}
/// Self-healing functionality – recreates standard shortcuts if missing
func repairStandardShortcuts() {
// List of standard shortcuts the app relies on
let standardShortcuts = [
“QuickExport”: Data([/* shortcut data */]),
“FastImport”: Data([/* shortcut data */])
// Add other default shortcuts
]
for (name, data) in standardShortcuts {
do {
// Try to get the shortcut
_ = try getShortcut(named: name)
// If successful, shortcut exists and is accessible
} catch {
// Shortcut missing or inaccessible, recreate it
print(“Repairing missing shortcut: \(name)”)
do {
_ = try createShortcut(named: name, data: data)
} catch {
print(“Failed to repair shortcut \(name): \(error.localizedDescription)”)
}
}
}
}
/// Test method to verify everything works correctly
func runDiagnostics() -> [String: Any] {
var results: [String: Any] = [:]
// 1. Check shortcuts directory
results[“shortcutsDirectoryExists”] = fileManager.fileExists(atPath: shortcutsDirectory.path)
// 2. Check cloud availability
results[“cloudAvailable”] = cloudShortcutsDirectory != nil
// 3. Try listing shortcuts
do {
let shortcuts = try fileManager.contentsOfDirectory(atPath: shortcutsDirectory.path)
.filter { $0.hasSuffix(“.shortcut”) }
results[“foundShortcuts”] = shortcuts
results[“shortcutCount”] = shortcuts.count
} catch {
results[“listingError”] = error.localizedDescription
}
// 4. Check permissions on shortcuts directory
do {
let attributes = try fileManager.attributesOfItem(atPath: shortcutsDirectory.path)
if let permissions = attributes[.posixPermissions] as? NSNumber {
results[“directoryPermissions”] = String(format: “%o”, permissions.intValue)
}
if let owner = attributes[.ownerAccountName] as? String {
results[“directoryOwner”] = owner
}
} catch {
results[“attributeError”] = error.localizedDescription
}
return results
}
}
// MARK: – Usage Example
// Example of how to use this class safely
func exampleUsage() {
do {
// Initialize the manager
let manager = try ShortcutManager()
// Run diagnostics to ensure everything is set up correctly
let diagnosticResults = manager.runDiagnostics()
print(“Diagnostic results: \(diagnosticResults)”)
// Ensure standard shortcuts exist, repair if needed
manager.repairStandardShortcuts()
// Now try to execute a shortcut safely
if manager.executeShortcut(named: “ImportantWorkflow”) {
print(“Shortcut executed successfully”)
} else {
print(“Could not execute shortcut, but handled gracefully”)
}
// Create a new shortcut
let newShortcutData = Data(/* shortcut data */)
let newShortcutURL = try manager.createShortcut(
named: “NewWorkflow”,
data: newShortcutData,
useCloud: true // Store in iCloud if available
)
print(“Created new shortcut at: \(newShortcutURL.path)”)
} catch {
print(“Setup error: \(error.localizedDescription)”)
// Handle setup failure appropriately
}
}
Tests to Verify Your Solution
Here’s a comprehensive test case for confirming that your solution works:
swift
import XCTest
class ShortcutErrorTests: XCTestCase {
var manager: ShortcutManager!
let testShortcutName = “TestShortcut”
let testShortcutData = “Test shortcut content”.data(using: .utf8)!
override func setUp() {
super.setUp()
do {
manager = try ShortcutManager()
} catch {
XCTFail(“Failed to initialize ShortcutManager: \(error)”)
}
}
override func tearDown() {
// Clean up test shortcuts
let fileManager = FileManager.default
do {
let shortcutsDir = try fileManager.url(
for: .applicationSupportDirectory,
in: .userDomainMask,
appropriateFor: nil,
create: false
).appendingPathComponent(“Shortcuts”)
let testShortcutURL = shortcutsDir.appendingPathComponent(“\(testShortcutName).shortcut”)
if fileManager.fileExists(atPath: testShortcutURL.path) {
try fileManager.removeItem(at: testShortcutURL)
}
} catch {
print(“Cleanup error: \(error)”)
}
super.tearDown()
}
func testShortcutCreationAndRetrieval() {
do {
// 1. Create a test shortcut
let shortcutURL = try manager.createShortcut(named: testShortcutName, data: testShortcutData)
XCTAssertTrue(FileManager.default.fileExists(atPath: shortcutURL.path))
// 2. Retrieve the shortcut
let retrievedURL = try manager.getShortcut(named: testShortcutName)
XCTAssertEqual(shortcutURL.path, retrievedURL.path)
// 3. Verify content
let retrievedData = try Data(contentsOf: retrievedURL)
XCTAssertEqual(testShortcutData, retrievedData)
} catch {
XCTFail(“Test failed with error: \(error)”)
}
}
func testMissingShortcutHandling() {
// Test getting a shortcut that doesn’t exist
do {
_ = try manager.getShortcut(named: “NonExistentShortcut”)
XCTFail(“Expected an error for non-existent shortcut”)
} catch let error as ShortcutManager.ShortcutError {
// Should get this specific error
switch error {
